recalcitrant
adjective
Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority or discipline; stubbornly resistant to control. Describes defiant or rebellious behavior.
Etymology
From Latin "recalcitrare" (to kick back), from "re" (back) + "calcitrare" (to kick), from "calx" (heel). Originally described horses that kicked when being handled.
Examples in Use
- 1.
"The recalcitrant student refused to follow any classroom rules."
- 2.
"Despite numerous attempts at reform, the recalcitrant nation resisted change."
- 3.
"The recalcitrant printer seemed determined to jam at the worst possible moments."
Related Vocabulary
Synonyms
Related Words
Fun Fact
The original meaning of "kicking back" like a stubborn horse persists in modern usage. Horse trainers still use the term to describe animals that resist handling, bridging ancient and contemporary meanings.
Word Game Tips
Letters: 12 letters (R, E, C, A, L, C, I, T, R, A, N, T)
Scrabble Value: 16 points
Tip: Look for common letter combinations like "RE" at the start of words.
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